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ICF, moc. Prior research on fundamentalist religious movements has focused attention on the complicated relationship between gender, family and religion. Using data from a nationally representative survey of 30, Hindu and Muslim women, this study compares the daily public and private behaviors of women in India to examine how gender and family norms are shaped in the context of communalized identity politics.

Say to the believing men that they cast down their looks and guard their private parts - that is purer for them; surely Allah is aware of what they do. Therefore: It is haram to look at any part of the body of another man, even the face and arms, if it is done with the intention of lust or seeking sexual pleasure. Similarly, it is also not permitted for men to look at the private parts of other men who are baligh, either with or without the intention of lust. Answer: For men, the private parts include the anus, penis and testicles. For women, the private parts include the vagina and anus.